2014年職稱英語考試考前30天沖刺試題八
發布時間：2014-01-15 共1頁
第一部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。答案一律涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
1. It is obvious that he will win the game.
A．likely
B．possible
C．clear
D．strange
2. There is no risk to public health.
A．point
B．danger
C．chance
D．hope
3. France has kept intimate links with its former African territories.
A．friendly
B．private
C．strong
D．secret
4. Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.
A．ban
B．remove
C．eliminate
D．expel
5. It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.
A．simply
B．almost
C．totally
D．completely
6. Jack was dismissed.
A．fired
B．fined
C．exhausted
D．criticized
7. John is crazy about pop music
A．sorry
B．mad
C．concerned
D．worried
8. Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.
A．Therefore
B．Afterwards
C．However
D．Furthermore
9. The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.
A．view
B．sight
C．look
D．point
10. Michael is now merely a good friend.
A．largely
B．possibly
C．just
D．rarely
11. Have you talked to her lately?
A．lastly
B．finally
C．shortly
D．recently
12. Thousands of people perished in the storm
A．died
B．suffered
C．floated
D．scattered
13. But in the end he approved of our proposal.
A．undoubtedly
B．certainly
C．ultimately
D．necessarily
14. This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.
A．particular
B．characteristic
C．remarkable
D．idiomatic
15. The girl is gazing at herself the mirror.
A．smiling
B．laughing
C．shouting
D．staring 第二部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息在文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑。
Black Holes
Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球體) .Astronomers (天文學家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (無限的) density (稠密). This single point is called a singularity (奇點).If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Any thing that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.
Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.
In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon (視界) only 18 miles across.
The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (萬億) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.
In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.
16. Black holes are part of space.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
17. Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
18. The center of a black hole is empty.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
19. The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
20. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
21. The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
22. The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned 第三部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個正確的小標題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
The Science of Sport
1. At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨欄) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑運動員)Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast.
2. Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken.. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds?
3. Most experts agree that it isn't the athletes' bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete's body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance.
4. Scientists have shown that an athlete's body's needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance.
5. But in any sport, a player's success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (想像) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice.
6. But as science, begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting challenge? What's more, are all these advantages fair?
23. Paragraph 2_______
24. Paragraph 3_______
25. Paragraph 4_______
26. Paragraph 5_______
A．Science may be too important today.
B．Sports equipment has been improved a lot.
C．Athletes are still breaking records.
D．Sport science helps improve athletes' performances.
E．Mental training is as important as physical training.
F．Different sports require different training programs.
27. It is more difficult for today's athletes
28. We don't know if there is a limit
29. Research has helped coaches
30. Scientific advances are suspected
A．to break records
B．to better understand the athlete's body and mind
C．to time and space
D．to be replacing the sporting challenge
E．to human performance
F．to avoid psychological techniques 第四部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文并根據短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
第一篇
Almost Human?
Scientists are racing to build the world’s first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say they will have made it by the year 2020 Carol Packer reports Machines that walk, speak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android(機器人)which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT). Kismet is different from the traditional robot. because it Can show human emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to show when it. feels happy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids, robots that look like human beings which can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother. However, scientists admit that So far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old.
The optimists(樂觀主義者)say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids(機器人)with brains similar to those of all adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do? In the future, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and mom of the household work for us in Japan, scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.
Some people worry about what the future holds: will robots become monsters(怪物)? Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the Internet, in the future. People will have micro-hips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小裝置). Perhaps we should not exaggerate(夸大)the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether we will still feel pain. Who knows?
31. Kismet is different from traditional robots because
A．it thinks for itself
B．It is not like science fiction
C．it can look after two-year-old.
D．it seems to have human feelings.
32. What makes Cog special?
A．It looks like a mother.
B．It behaves like a child.
C．It can imitate the behavior of a mother.
D．It has a huge brain.
33. In about 15 years' time from now, robots
A．will become space designers.
B．will look like monsters.
C．will behave like animals.
D．will think like humans.
34. In the future robots will also
D．explore space.
B．entertain people.
C．move much faster.
D．do all of the housework.
35. What is the writer’s attitude to robots in the future?
A．Critical.
B．Hostile.
C．Objective.
D．Enthusiastic
第二篇
Real-World Robots
When you think of a robot, do you imagine a shiny, metallic device having the same general shape as a human being, performing humanlike functions, and responding to your questions in a monotone (單調的) voice accentuated (強調) by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, but in the real world a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a robot often is a voiceless. Box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans. Today's robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence, that is, a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence. Such as reasoning, drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience.
A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced a robot does. However, move from place to place on wheels and axles (輪軸) that roll and rotate. A robot even has limbs that turn round and move in combination with joints and motors. To find its way in its surroundings, a robot utilizes various built-in sensors. Antennae attached to the robot's base detect anything they bump into. If the robot starts to shake as it moves on an incline, a gyroscope (陀螺儀) inside it senses the vertical differential. To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object, the robot bounces beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions (障礙物) in its path. These and other sensors constantly feed information to the computer, which then analyzes the information and corrects or adjusts the robot's actions. As science and technology advance, the robot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial intelligence programs.
36. The writer begins the passage by comparing
A．the shape of a human being with a box.
B．a real life robot with a fictional robot.
C．an imaginary machine with a human.
D．a robot with a computer program.
37. The word “humanoid” in paragraph 1 means
A．lacking human feelings.
B．lacking human characteristics.
C．lacking human intelligence.
D．having a human form and characteristics.
38.According to the first paragraph，artificial intelligence is
A．the unnatural way in which robots move.
B．a voiceless.box-shaped machine that performs repetitive tasks
C．a sensor that detects troubles in a robot.
D．a computer program that imitates human intellectual processes.
39.The last paragraph suggests that future robots will
A.be more human like in behavior and act ion.
B.surpass human beings in intelligence.
C.use a laser to transmit information.
D.will perform very complicated household jobs.
40.Another good title for this passage would be
A．Robots：Taking the Place of Humans.
B．Artificial Intelligence Programs.
C．Today’s Robots and How They Function.
D．Modern—Day Sensors.
第三篇
London’S First Light Rail System
The Docklands Light Railway(DLR)took just three years to build at a cost of￡77 million.It is London’s first Light Rail System，but its route follows that of a number of older lines，which carried the nineteenth century railways through the crowed districts of the East End.
The section of the line from the Tower Gateway Station to Poplar follows the line of one of London’s earliest railways，the London＆Blackwell(1840)，a
cable—drawn railway(1ater converted to steam)which carried passengers to steam ，ships at Blackwell Pier，and provided transport for the messengers and clerks who went backwards and forwards between the docks(碼頭)and the city every day.
From Poplar to Island Gardens，a new line crosses high above the dock waters，and then joins the old track of the Mill wall Extension Railway，built to service the Mill wall Docks(1868)and to provide transport for workers in the local
factories.This line was horse—drawn for part of its route，until the l880s.
The Polar to Stratford section of the DLR route was first developed by the North London Railway，built in the l850s to link the West and East India Docks with the manufacturing districts of the Midlands and North of England.There were major railway works and sidings(岔線)at Bow until recently.
The trains are automatically controlled from a central computer，which deals, with all signaling and other safety factors，as well as adjusting speeds to keep within the timetable; on board each vehicle, Train Captains, who are also fully qualified drivers, are equipped with two-way radios to maintain contact with central control. There are passenger lifts, and self-service ticket machines, at every station.
41. The passage tells us that London’s first Light Rail System.
A．was constructed in the nineteenth century.
B．will be finished in three years time.
C．follows some of the original lines.
D．took three years longer than expected to complete.
42. We learn from the passage that the London Blackwell railway
A．now carries passengers to and from the docks.
B．was a busy line a few years ago.
C．used to employ many messengers and clerks.
D．was not originally a steam railway.
43. “This line” in Paragraph 3 refers to
A．the line from the Tower Gateway Station to Poplar.
B．the line from Poplar to Island Gardens.
C．the Millwai1 Extension Railway.
D．the line from Poplar to Stratford.
44. It appears that the Poplar to Stratford section of the DLR route wasoriginally developed to
A．promote travel in the Midlands.
B．encourage trade with the North of England.
C．create employment.
D．make the transport of goods easier.
45. The trains on the DLR are controlled by
A．an on-board central computer.
B．a computer engineer on board.
C．two-way radios operated by the drivers.
D．a computer center based somewhere along the line. 第五部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據文章的內容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
Mind Those Manners on the Subway
So, there you are, just sitting there in the subway car, enjoying that book you just bought______(46) Or, the person sitting next to you takes out a nail clipper(指甲刀) and begins cutting his or her nails.
Annoying? Many of us have to spend some time every day on public transportation ______ (47) So, to make the trip more pleasant, we suggest the following:
Let passengers get off the bus or subway car before you can get on______ (48)
Stand away from the doors when they are closing Don't talk loudly on a bus or subway. Chatting loudly with your friends can be annoying to others.______ (49)
Don't think your bags and suitcases (手提箱) deserve a seat of their own.
Use a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze (打噴嚏). An uncovered sneeze can spread germs (細菌), especially in crowded places.
Don't cut your nails or pick your nose on public transportation.
Don't read over other people's shoulder______ (50) It can make people uncomfortable. They might think you're too stingy(小氣的) even to buy a newspaper. Or they might think you're judging their behavior.
A．Don't eat food in your car.
B．Don't shout into your mobile phone on a bus or subway.
C．We all know that some behaviors are simply unacceptable
D．Many people do this on subways, but it's really annoying
E．Getting off and on in an orderly manner can save time for all.
F．Suddenly, you feel someone leaning over your shoulder reading along with you 第六部分：完型填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據短文的內容從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應的位置上。
Science and Truth
“FINAGLE” is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason is that the image of the scientist is of one who always______ (51) data in an impartial search for truth. In any debate______ (52) intelligence, schooling, energy the phrase “science says” usually disarms opposition.
But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a "finagle factor" a tendency by many scientists to give a helpful change to the data to______ (53) desired results. The latest of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, who has______ (54) the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton. Morton was famous in his time for analyzing the brain_____ (55) of the skulls, as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the largest brains, that the brains of Indians and blacks were smaller, and_____ (56), that whites constitute a superior race.
Gould went back to Morton’s original data and concluded that the_____ (57) were an example of the finagle at work. He found that Morton’s "discovery" was made by leaving out embarrassing data, _____ (58) incorrect procedures, and changing his criteria again, always in favour of his argument. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now and scientists do not believe that brain size reflects_____ (59).
But Gould went on to say Morton’s story is only an example of a common problem in_____ (60) work. Some of the leading figures in science are_____ (61) to have used the finagle factor. Gould says that Isaac Newton fudged out to support at least three central statements that he could not prove. And so_____ (62) Laudius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer, whose master work, Almagest, summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth as its center. Recent_____ (63) indicate that Ptolemy either faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor.
All this is important because the finagle factor is still at work. For example, in the artificial sweetener controversy, it is_____ (64) that all the studies sponsored by the sugar industry find that the artificial sweetener is unsafe, (65) all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry find nothing wrong with it.
51.
A．collects
B．invents
C．misuses
D．enables
52.
A．of
B．over
C．in
D．with
53.
A．convey
B．destroy
C．modify
D．acquire
54.
A．created
B．written
C．examined
D．produced
55.
A．size
B．shape
C．tissue
D．cell
56.
A．however
B．then
C．though
D．therefore
57.
A．results
B．experiments
C．ideas
D．suggestions
58.
A．planning
B．making
C．using
D．searching
59.
A．creativity
B．reliability
C．intelligence
D．originality
60.
A．unusual
B．mental
C．scientific
D．manual
61.
A．taught
B．believed
C．tried
D．allowed
62.
A．was
B．had
C．could
D．did
63.
A．studies
B．events
C．developments
D．decisions
64.
A．feared
B．said
C．suggested
D．expected
65.
A．if
B．while
C．because
D．although 【參考答案】
第一部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
第二部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A
第三部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
23. C 24. D 25. F 26. E 27. A 28. E 29. B 30. D
第四部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. C 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. A
第五部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
46. F47. C48. E49. B50. D
第六部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)、
51. A 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. A 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. C
61. B 62. D 63. A 64. B 65. B
