2014年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類考前20天押題測試卷二
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2014-01-21 共6頁
Adult Education
1 Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-under-standing, or develop new talents and skills.
2 This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs, and professional associations.
3 Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities, new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and re-education of adults.
4 The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s,with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics' institute in Glasgow. The earliest adult education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1727.
5 People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.
23 Paragraph 2 __________
24 Paragraph.3 __________
25 Paragraph 4 __________
26 Paragraph 5 __________
A Necessity for developing adult education
B Early days of adult education
C Ways of receiving adult education
D Growth of adult education
E Institutions of adult education
F Definition of adult education
27 Some adults want to learn __________.
28 There are various forms of adult education, including __________.
29 Adult education has been made necessary __________.
30 The earliest organized adult education __________.
A by social and economic changes
B guided self-study and correspondence courses
C by studying together with children
D what they did not manage to learn earlier
E dates hack to the eighteenth century
F mass production
23 C本段的主題是成人教育的不同方式。
24 A本段從社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、工業(yè)等因素介紹了發(fā)展成人教育的必要性。
25 B本段介紹了早期的有組織的成人教育計(jì)劃。
26 D本段簡述了人們對成人教育的認(rèn)識(shí)和成人教育的發(fā)展。
27 D動(dòng)詞learn后面缺的是它的賓語，填入的是個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
28 B including提示后面要求填入的是前面說的成人教育的各種形式中的若干種。
29 A has been made necessary被動(dòng)式的出現(xiàn)說明后面很可能會(huì)跟一個(gè)by短語，當(dāng)然從意義上考慮不應(yīng)該是C。
30 E date是動(dòng)詞，date back to的意思是“追溯到……”。
Mobile Phone and Diseases
A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said.
But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec(魁北克), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body.
The study at Finland’s Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said.
“We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,” Leszczynski said.
Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brain’s protective shield against harmful substances.
The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said.
The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透過的), he said.
“Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink—not the blood vessels but the cells themselves—and then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass.” he said.
Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result.
“These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,” he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimer’s disease.
“Where the truth is do not know,” he said.
Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use.
36 According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect one’s health?
[A] Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable.
[B] Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly.
[C] Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it.
[D] Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed..
37 What’s the result of the French study?
[A] The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening.
[B] Mobile phone may affect one’s normal way of thinking.
[C] Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation.
[D] A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation.
38 What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone?
[A] Fatigue.
[B] Headache.
[C] Alzheimer’s disease.
[D] Tuberculosis..
39 According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone?
[A] People will be forbidden to use mobile phone.
[B] People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation.
[C] People will continue to use mobile phone.
[D] There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phone.
40 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
[A] The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect one’s brain.
[B] Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells.
[C] Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink.
[D] Lszczynski forbid his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research.
